The Ultimate Guide To Collared Doves: Everything You Need To Know!

What Is A Collared Dove?

A Collared Dove, Streptopelia decaocto, is a species of bird in the family Columbidae, which encompasses both doves and pigeons.

Originating from Asia, the Collared Dove has a sturdy body, a relatively small head, and a distinctive collar at the nape of the neck, hence the name.

It appears as a pale, grayish-pink bird with a dark crescent collar.

Here are some key features:

• Size & Appearance: It is a medium-sized bird, slightly smaller than a common wood pigeon.
• Collar: The hallmark feature is the black crescent-shaped collar on the back of its neck.
• Sound: Identifiable by a characteristic three-syllable cooing, “coo-COO-coo”.
• Habitat Expansion: Initially native to Asia, the species has expanded its range remarkably, reaching across Europe and into North America, where it is referred to as the Eurasian Collared Dove.

Collared doves exhibit a strong adaptability to human-altered environments, which might explain their swift population growth and range expansion since the 1950s.

Typically seen in pairs or small groups, they tend to breed close to human settlements, likely due to better food access.

How Many Types Of Collared Dove Are There?

In discussing the types of collared doves, it’s important to clarify that the term “collared dove” typically refers to a single species, the Eurasian collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto).

Recognizable by its distinctive black half-collar on the nape of the neck, the Eurasian collared dove is a species I find particularly notable for its adaptability and expanding range.

While mourning doves (Zenaida macroura) and turtle doves (Streptopelia turtur) possess some similar features and are sometimes confused with collared doves, they are distinct species rather than different breeds of collared dove.

The same is true for rock pigeons (Columba livia) and wood pigeons (Columba palumbus), which, despite sharing the same family, Columbidae, with collared doves, are different species with their own unique characteristics.

To cover the key details:

• Eurasian Collared Dove: Single species, recognized by the collar on its neck.
• Mourning Dove: A separate species, more slender and without a collar.
• Turtle Dove: Has distinct plumage but is a separate species.
• Wood Pigeon: Much larger than collared doves, no neck collar.
• Rock Pigeon: An entirely different species, often found in urban areas.

What Does A Collared Dove Sound Like?

When I listen to the Collared Dove, the sound that defines this bird is its distinctive three-parted coo.

This coo, a familiar sound to many, has a steady rhythmic pattern that goes coo-COO-coo, often repeated without variation.

This simple yet musical song is not only a means of communication but also a hallmark of the Collared Dove’s presence.

The song of the Collared Dove is, in my experience, relatively monotone but soothing, and one that can be heard throughout the day.

Generally, these sounds are most prominent during the breeding season, as they play a pivotal role in mate attraction and territory establishment.

Collared Doves might also produce a sharp ‘kwit’ when alarmed or taking flight and a nasal ‘hoo’ sound, which is rather soft and less noticeable.

Their call has a cadence that resembles a workman’s hammer, which makes it quite easy for me to distinguish from the calls of other dove species.

Here’s a simple breakdown of the Collared Dove’s vocalizations:

• Primary Song/Coo: coo-COO-coo (the second coo is longer and emphasized)
• Alarm Call: a sharp ‘kwit’
• Soft Nasal Call: a gentle ‘hoo’ sound

I find that recognizing these sounds is helpful for bird watching or simply enjoying the presence of these birds in a garden or park setting.

The Collared Dove’s song adds a serene sound to both rural and suburban environments, exemplifying the tranquil essence of the dove family’s vocal repertory.

What Does A Collared Dove Look Like? What Is The Wingspan?

With a body shaped like a plump teardrop, these birds possess small heads and long tails which are quite noticeable features. The tail feathers showcase broad white patches, particularly visible during flight.

The plumage of a collared dove is a chalky brown-grey colour, providing them with camouflage among urban and wild habitats.

A key identification marker of this species is the collar-like markings around the neck. These markings consist of a narrow, black crescent that encircles the nape.

The wingspan of the collared dove is another aspect I consider when observing these birds. Broad, yet poised, their wings span approximately 19 to 22 inches (47-55 cm).

To support my observations, the average weight of an adult collared dove typically ranges between 4.4 and 8.5 ounces (125-240 grams), aligning with their moderate size and wingspan.

Where Are Collared Doves Most Commonly Found?

Collared doves, with their distinctive collar-like markings, are a widespread species primarily found across Europe, Asia, and more recently, North America.

In Europe, including the UK, they are a familiar sight in both urban and rural settings—towns, villages, and cities.

Their habitat preferences include a range of human habitats. They seem comfortable on the ground, in backyards, and around farmland, searching for seeds and other food sources.

Their adaptability to environments crafted by humans marks them as a species with remarkable flexibility.

Flocks of collared doves gravitate towards human settlements because such areas provide ample foraging opportunities and reduced numbers of predators.

In winter months, these doves are seen more commonly as they often join together in groups. However, it’s not unusual to see individuals or pairs throughout the year.

Their growth in urban areas is notable; I’ve seen them under bird feeders or perched on telephone wires.

Transcending their native distribution in the Middle East, collared doves made a significant leap to America, with Florida being a notable point of their expansion.

Their proliferation there and throughout other states showcases their capacity to adapt and thrive in varied climates and environments.

This range expansion reflects their ability to thrive in close quarters with human activity and their ease in colonizing new territories.

What Do Collared Doves Symbolize?

In my exploration of avian symbolism, I’ve found that collared doves are steeped in meaning and cultural significance. These birds are commonly associated with a few key concepts:

• Peace and Harmony: I consider collared doves to be an embodiment of peace. Their soothing cooing and serene presence often represent harmony, especially in traditional and cultural contexts.
• Love and Fidelity: I’ve observed that these doves are frequently linked to romantic and lifelong commitment, making them a favored symbol at weddings.
• Balance and Relationships: Seeing a collared dove may serve as a reminder to me to maintain balance in my life, emphasizing the importance of strong relationships and partnerships.
• Personal Growth and Renewal: The appearance of collared doves can signify to me the potential for new beginnings, possibly urging personal transformation and growth in my journey.
• Spiritual Connection: In my personal meditative practices, I’ve recognized the collared dove as a conduit for cultivating inner peace, joy, and a deeper spiritual connection.

What Is The Diet Of Collared Doves?

In my study of collared doves, I’ve found their diet to be quite straightforward. They primarily feed on a variety of seeds and grains.

These birds are not particularly picky and will readily consume millet, sunflower seeds, wheat, and corn.

When creating a bird feed mixture to attract collared doves, I make sure it’s rich in these cereal grains to cater to their dietary preferences.

For individuals who wish to invite these doves into their gardens, I recommend using a wild bird seed mix that includes the grains and seeds they favor.

The formulation of these mixes typically ensures a balanced diet for the birds. Here is a breakdown of the staple components in a collared dove’s diet:

• Seeds and Grains: Prime source of nourishment.
  • Millet
  • Sunflower
  • Wheat
  • Corn

When I provide feed for collared doves, I observe their feeding pattern and note that they often forage on the ground, picking at the seeds and grains that suit their dietary needs.

It’s important to provide a consistent supply to help these birds maintain a steady food source, especially in urban environments where natural resources may be scarcer.

Do Collared Doves Have Any Predators?

Predation is indeed a factor they must contend with. Like many bird species, collared doves are preyed upon by a variety of predators.

My identification of their predators is based on both direct encounters and a comprehensive review of avian behavior.

One of their primary threats comes from raptors, such as the:

• Sparrowhawks (Accipiter nisus)
• Peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus)
• Hawks (various species)

These birds of prey are skilled hunters and can often be seen swooping down to capture unwary doves. Additionally, I’ve noticed that on the ground, collared doves must also be wary of:

• Cats, both domestic and feral
• Raccoons (Procyon lotor)

In rural areas, their nests can be raided by:

• Crows (Corvus spp.)
• Jays (Garrulus glandarius)
• Magpies (Pica pica)

Juvenile doves, in particular, are vulnerable to these nest predators. It’s important to note that human activity can often increase the presence of some of these predators, indirectly affecting dove populations.

From my experience, the presence of predators differs depending on the collared dove’s habitat.

Urban environments, for example, have fewer natural predators but increased risks from pets and human interactions, whereas rural and wild lands host a broader range of natural predators.

Despite these threats, collared doves have become resilient and are adept at spotting and evading potential dangers, exhibiting vigilant behavior and utilizing safe nesting sites to reduce predation.

Where Do Collared Doves Nest?

Nests are typically assembled with a seemingly casual approach, using twigs and sticks to form a simple platform. They favor places that provide a balance of accessibility and safety.

Collared doves choose a variety of nesting sites. Although these birds originated in the warmer regions of Asia, they have successfully expanded their range and are now common across Europe and North America. Therefore, their nesting areas are diverse, ranging from natural to urban settings.

Trees are among their natural choices for nesting; they often select the fork of a branch to construct their nest. The nests aren’t restricted to dense woodland; I find them nesting even in isolated trees in open areas.

Urban environments offer a different array of options for these doves. Inhabited buildings become suitable nesting sites, where they make their homes on ledges or in nooks that mimic the natural crevices found in their original habitat.

It is not uncommon to see their nests on window sills or beneath the shelter of eaves and overhangs, where the structure provides protection from the elements and predators.

Key Nesting Sites for Collared Doves:

• Natural Settings: Mainly trees, sometimes preferring isolated ones.
• Urban Areas: Ledges of buildings, beneath eaves, and on window sills.
• Less Common: Occasionally found in abandoned machinery or structures.

When Do Collared Doves Lay Eggs?

Collared doves have a particularly extended breeding season which spans several months.

In my study of their habits, I’ve observed that they can commence nesting as early as March, though the timeline might vary slightly depending on the climate.

These doves are capable of producing up to six broods per year, which is an impressive testament to their prolific nature.

When it comes to their eggs, collared doves typically lay two eggs per clutch.

I’ve noted that the eggs are incubated for a period ranging between 14 to 18 days before hatching. Here’s a quick breakdown:

• Laying period: Begins as early as March.
• Number of eggs: Usually two per brood.
• Incubation: Lasts about 14-18 days.

During the incubation period, the responsibility is shared; the female incubates the eggs at night, and the male takes over during the day.

This cooperation ensures that the eggs are well tended to and helps facilitate a successful hatching.

The consistent laying pattern and their ability to raise multiple broods mean that these doves are often seen and heard throughout their habitats, frequently within towns and villages.

With Collared doves, it’s quite common to observe their reproductive behavior throughout most of the year, especially in areas with mild climates.

How Can I Tell If A Collared Dove Is Male Or Female?

Identifying the sex of collared doves requires close observation as there are subtle differences between males and females. I can provide you with a few tips to distinguish them:

Physical Characteristics:

• Chest Width: Males generally have broader chests.
• Neck Appearance: Males tend to have thicker necks.
• Head Profile: When viewed from the side, a male’s head appears more rounded, while a female’s might seem slightly flattened.

Behavioral Cues: In my observations of collared doves’ behavior, one may note that males often engage in display rituals, such as cooing and bowing, to attract females. Observing these behaviors, particularly during breeding season, can assist in identifying their sex.

Recognizing these subtle differences can take time and practice. Generally, physical differences are not definitive on their own, so I recommend looking for a combination of characteristics and behaviors to accurately identify the sex of a collared dove.

How Long Do Collared Doves Live?

My research shows that the lifespan of collared doves varies considerably between those in the wild and in captivity.

In the wild, collared doves face predators and environmental challenges that can shorten their lifespan.

On average, wild collared doves tend to live for several years, although the exact number can fluctuate based on numerous factors including predator presence and food availability.

In contrast, captive collared doves often enjoy longer lifespans, primarily due to the protection and stable food sources provided by their human caretakers.

It is typical for captive collared doves to live up to 19 years. This significant difference is also attributed to regular veterinary care and the absence of common dangers that are naturally present in their wild habitat.

• Average Lifespan in the Wild: Several years (variable)
• Average Lifespan in Captivity: Up to 19 years

For those rearing collared doves, maintaining a large avian enclosure, such as an aviary, is beneficial. I understand that these structures offer ample space for doves to fly, nest, and socialize, which is crucial for their well-being and longevity.

My findings underscore the importance of a secure environment to the lifespan of collared doves. For prospective owners, this underscores the commitment needed to ensure a healthy and long life for these birds in a captive setting.

5 Interesting Facts About Collared Doves

• Distinctive Communication: I’ve noticed that these birds have a unique three-syllable coo. This vocalization helps them communicate with potential mates and serves as a territorial call in their preferred habitats, including gardens, parks, and tree-lined neighborhoods.
• Breeding Near Humans: They’ve adapted to live close to human settlements, which provides them ease in finding food sources. I’ve seen them near bird tables and rooftops, always staying within reach of a good meal.
• Diet: While they aren’t strictly vegetarian, collared doves mainly feed on seeds and grains. I’ve found that unlike their relatives, the rock and feral pigeons, they rarely scavenge for scraps and prefer more natural food sources.
• Mating and Nesting: Collared doves are quite devoted. They often form strong pair bonds and can be seen in pairs throughout the year. In gardens or on rooftops, they construct their nests, demonstrating their adaptability to various types of vegetation and human-made structures.
• Roosting Habits: As for where collared doves sleep, I’ve observed them settling in trees or on building ledges to rest for the night. Unlike some birds that have specific migratory patterns, these doves are more sedentary and can be spotted in almost every state throughout the seasons. They adjust remarkably well to different environments, making them a widespread and familiar presence in garden birds across towns and countrysides.